Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research

Vol. 27 (2025): Publicación continua
Artículo de revisión

Neosporosis bovina: una parasitosis que amenaza la productividad de la ganadería altoandina

Martin Equicio Pineda Serruto
Departamento Académico de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Abancay, Perú
Alberto Ccama Sullca
Departamento Académico de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Perú
Aldo Alim Valderrama Pomé
Departamento Académico de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Abancay, Perú
Sebastiana Virginia Bernilla De La Cruz
Departamento Académico de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Abancay, Perú
Nilton Marcial Cárdenas Suárez
Departamento Académico de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac, Abancay, Perú
Biografía

Publicado 26-12-2025

Palabras clave

  • factores de riesgo,
  • epidemiología,
  • parásitos,
  • enfermedades parasitarias,
  • contagio

Derechos de autor 2025 Martin Equicio Pineda Serruto, Alberto Ccama Sullca, Aldo Alim Valderrama Pomé, Sebastiana Virginia Bernilla De La Cruz, Nilton Marcial Cárdenas Suárez

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Cómo citar

Pineda Serruto, M. E., Ccama Sullca, A., Valderrama Pomé, A. A., Bernilla De La Cruz, S. V., & Cárdenas Suárez, N. M. (2025). Neosporosis bovina: una parasitosis que amenaza la productividad de la ganadería altoandina. Revista De Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research, 27, e27708. https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2025.708

Resumen

Con el objeto de describir la neosporosis bovina como un problema de salud del ganado en los Andes, se identificaron los determinantes, la epidemiología y el control de esta parasitosis, para ello se hizo una revisión de la literatura publicada en la colección ScienceDirect, hallando que es el canino el determinante principal para la neosporosis bovina, como propagador en el establo del protozoario Neospora caninum, otros factores están relacionados a los componentes del sistema de producción y a las razas de ganado; observando que la transmisión horizontal de la neosporosis bovina se da por las excretas de perros que contaminan el alimento del ganado y la transmisión vertical ocurre en vacas jóvenes con escasa inmunidad, afectando así su descendencia, siendo los fetos a partir de los 3 meses de edad infectados por N. caninum, presentando las vacas abortos o problemas reproductivos como retornos al celo o pérdida temporal de estos; situación que provoca pérdidas económicas importantes en los ganaderos. A través, del análisis laboratorial serológico y molecular se diagnosticaron casos positivos a N. caninum en la población, estimando seroprevalencias de neosporosis bovina en distintas áreas geográficas del mundo, siendo más afectadas las zonas rurales; también fue medida la magnitud de asociación epidemiológica entre la neosporosis y sus determinantes estimando razones de posibilidad (OR), de prevalencia (RP) y de peligro (HR), siendo útil esta información para plantear estrategias de control en torno a acciones de bioseguridad específicas; en tanto, se vienen desarrollando tratamientos y vacunas eficaces.

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