Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research

Vol. 19 Núm. 3 (2017)
Artículo de revisión

Factores moduladores de la estacionalidad reproductiva en ungulados

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  • Adriana Pilar Urviola García,
  • José Luis Riveros F.
Adriana Pilar Urviola García
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
José Luis Riveros F.
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Publicado 2017-09-27

Palabras clave

  • Estacionalidad,
  • reproducción,
  • ungulados,
  • fotoperiodo,
  • nutrición,
  • ciclos reproductivos
    • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

Urviola García, A. P. . ., & Riveros F., J. L. . (2017). Factores moduladores de la estacionalidad reproductiva en ungulados. Revista De Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research, 19(3), 319-336. https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2017.297

Resumen

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir el comportamiento reproductivo estacional en ungulados hembras y machos, y la identificación de los factores que determinan la sincronía reproductiva. Se analizan los factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos que influyen en la estacionalidad reproductiva de ungulados. Los factores intrínsecos están relacionados con el mismo individuo ya sean características genotípicas y fenotípicas lo que implica que los aspectos reproductivos no pueden extrapolarse entre las distintas especies y se modifican por la acción de los factores externos como el fotoperiodo, disponibilidad de alimento, temperatura, latitud, entre otros. Dentro de los factores extrínsecos se identifican principalmente el fotoperiodo que está relacionado con la intensidad de luz y oscuridad a la que están expuestos los animales expresándose en la producción de melatonina, se describen los mecanismos de acción de esta hormona a nivel del sistema nervioso central (SNC), y sus efectos sobre la función reproductiva y por otro lado el factor nutricional que también es un importante regulador de la estacionalidad reproductiva, que podría estar estimulando el eje hipotálamo hipófisis, causando un efecto directo sobre la liberación de LH. A continuación se discuten las bases endocrinas que regulan la estacionalidad reproductiva comparada en especies pertenecientes a la subclase Eutheria, familias Bovidae, Camelidae, Equidae y Suidae, salvajes y domésticas.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Estacionalidad, reproducción, ungulados, fotoperiodo, nutrición, ciclos reproductivos.

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