Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research

Vol. 24 Núm. 1 (2022)
Artículo de revisión

Efectos de la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático sobre la biodiversidad

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  • Smith Ervin Reyes Palomino,
  • Dominga Micaela Cano Ccoa
Smith Ervin Reyes Palomino
Universidad Continental
Dominga Micaela Cano Ccoa
Escuela Profesional Gestión Pública y Desarrollo Social, Universidad Nacional de Juliaca,

Publicado 2022-02-21

Palabras clave

  • Cambio climático,
  • agricultura,
  • biodiversidad,
  • América,
  • Humanidad,
  • Tecnología,
  • ganadería intensiva
    • ...Más
    Menos

Cómo citar

Reyes Palomino, S. E., & Cano Ccoa , D. M. . (2022). Efectos de la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático sobre la biodiversidad. Revista De Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research, 24(1), 53-64. https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2022.328

Resumen

La biodiversidad está siendo afectada por la sobreexplotación de recursos naturales, el incremento de especies invasoras, el cambio climático, agricultura y la ganadería intensiva. Entre ellos, el cultivo intensivo de soya ha desplazado a los otros productos como el arroz y el trigo; el cultivo intensivo, induce al mayor uso de agroquímicos que genera severos efectos socio ambientales, en particular sobre la biodiversidad. El objetivo del estudio fue compilar literatura científica producida sobre la pérdida de biodiversidad causada por la agricultura intensiva y el cambio climático, y dentro de ellas los posibles efectos en la interrelación entre el ser humano y el medio ambiente. El procedimiento metodológico fue la revisión sistemática desarrollado en marzo de 2021, usando operadores booleanos AND, OR, NOT con términos “biodiversity”, “climate change” y “agriculture” en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y Scielo. Los resultados identifican que al menos existían en Web of science (99 temas), Scopus (155 temas) y Scielo (36 temas) que evidencian la pérdida de biodiversidad por efecto del cambio climático y la expansión de la agricultura intensiva con consecuencias, no solo en las regiones del entorno de los cultivos referidos, sino que, éstas indirectamente se trasladan hacia las regiones de montaña mediando consumo de soya en animales y derivados en humanos. Se concluye que la biodiversidad como proveedora de alimentos y de prevenir enfermedades para la humanidad contribuye a la sustentabilidad y, por tanto, su preservación requiere de adopción de políticas públicas agresivas dentro del marco del Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica.

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