Publicado 2021-01-15
Palabras clave
- Zea Mays,
- fermentación anaeróbica
Cómo citar
Resumen
El maíz (Zea Mays) es el cereal más cultivado en el mundo y es un alimento básico para los seres humanos, por eso en los últimos años están buscando alternativas para mejorar su producción. Por otro lado, el suero es un efluente residual de la industria láctea generalmente eliminado en las aguas residuales, sin embargo, debido a su alta carga orgánica puede usarse para producir diferentes biofertilizantes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto sobre la producción del cultivo de maíz al aplicar un biofertilizante obtenido por fermentación anaeróbica de lactosuero y estiércol bovino. El estudio se realizó entre los meses de octubre 2018-febrero 2019, en el área experimental de la asociación de Calaspam, ubicada en Majes, Arequipa-Perú. Se empleo un diseño experimental de bloque aleatorio completo en un esquema factorial 2×4 compuesto por tres tratamientos de biofertilizantes (6,9 y 12 LBF/Lagua) y un tratamiento de control con tres repeticiones aplicadas con un caudal promedio de 1,5 Lha-1. Se determinaron indicadores morfológicos, post cosecha y económicos, así como el contenido de clorofila. Los resultados indican que los tratamientos con biofertilizante mejoraron los indicadores estudiados. El tercer tratamiento muestra valores más altos en todos los indicadores en comparación a los demás tratamientos, siendo los valores de rendimiento (79,29±7,33 103 kgha-1) y tasa de retorno marginas (85,73%) los más resaltantes. Se concluye que el biofertilizante obtenido a partir de estiércol bovino y lactosuero tiene un efecto positivo en la producción de maíz y además su aplicación es viable económicamente.
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