Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research

Vol. 28 (2026): Publicación continua
Original articles

Agromorphological Characterization of Native Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Puno

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Israel Lima-Medina
Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Sesquicentenario 1150, Puno, Perú.
Emanuel Edward Flores-Estrada
Semillero de Investigación SIAgro, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Sesquicentenario 1150, Puno, Perú.
Sebastian David Flores-Condor
Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Sesquicentenario 1150, Puno, Perú.
Luis Pauro-Flores
Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Sesquicentenario 1150, Puno, Perú.
Grover B Cornejo-Condori
Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Sesquicentenario 1150, Puno, Perú.

Published 2026-08-28

Keywords

  • agromorphological,
  • genetic diversity,
  • ovate,
  • pigmented

Copyright (c) 2026 Israel Lima-Medina, Emanuel Edward Flores-Estrada, Sebastián David Flores-Condor, Luis Pauro-Flores, Grover B Cornejo-Condori

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Lima-Medina, I., Flores-Estrada, E. E., Flores-Condor, S. D., Pauro-Flores, L., & Cornejo-Condori, G. B. (2026). Agromorphological Characterization of Native Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Puno. Revista De Investigaciones Altoandinas - Journal of High Andean Research, 28, e28874. https://doi.org/10.18271/ria.2026.874

Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third most important food crop worldwide and a primary staple food. Its high global production justifies the present study. The objective was to perform an agromorphological characterization of native potato cultivars to identify essential phenotypic patterns for the preservation of agrobiodiversity and genetic improvement. A total of 125 native potato cultivars were evaluated using 21 standardized qualitative and quantitative descriptors established by Bioversity International, including growth habit, leaf morphology, floral traits, and tuber characteristics. Four distinct phenotypic groups were identified: Group I (32%) with erect growth habit; Group II (54%) with semi-erect habit; Group III (13%) with decumbent habit; and Group IV (1%) with semi-rosette habit. Stem pigmentation was green (58%), green with pigmented spots (28%), and fully pigmented (14%). Floral morphology was rotate (42%), pentagonal (38%), and semi-star-shaped (20%). Petal coloration was lilac/purple (48%), light blue/white (36%), and pinkish red (16%). Tuber shape was round (31%), ovate (27%), and compressed (18%). Flesh color was white (44%), yellow (32%), and purple (24%). Finally, a phylogenetic tree and principal component analysis (PCA) were developed, revealing high homogeneity within the native potato cultivars (Group 1) and divergent outlier values (Groups 2, 3, and 4), highlighting the need for integrated analyses to explore genetic diversity.

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